The Bridges at Toko-Ri (1955)

Born in California, USA. Perfecter of the Back Projection or rear projection technique for simulating moving backgrounds, also referred to as process photography. In the 1920s he headed the special effects department at Paramount, where he developed several traveling matte techniques before focusing on rear projection. By the early 30s he was the premier expert in Hollywood on process photography and helped to make it an essential part of the special effects of the studio era. Among his achievements was the development of the triple-head process projector, which used three projectors to increase the intensity of the background image. He contributed process photography to over 180 features from 1933 until 1967; and, his special (photographic) effects credits include over 100 films during the same period. He shared three Oscars, for I WANTED WINGS (1941), REAP THE WILD WIND (1942) and THE BRIDGES AT TOKO-RI (1955).  Special Award 1938: For outstanding achievement in creating special effects in the Paramount production, SPAWN OF THE NORTH. Winners presented Plaques. - for Transparencies  Nominated for Special Effects 1939: UNION PACIFIC (w. Gordon Jennings)  Nominated for Special Effects 1940: DR. CYCLOPS (w. Gordon Jennings) - Photographic  Nominated for Special Effects 1940: TYPHOON (w. Gordon Jennings) - Photographic  Nominated for Special Effects 1941: ALOMA OF THE SOUTH SEAS (w. Gordon Jennings) - Photographic  Special Effects 1941: I WANTED WINGS (w. Gordon Jennings) - Photographic  Special Effects 1942: REAP THE WILD WIND (w. Gordon Jennings & William Pereira) - Photographic  Nominated for Special Effects 1943: SO PROUDLY WE HAIL! (w. Gordon Jennings) - Photographic  Nominated for Special Effects 1944: THE STORY OF DR. WASSELL (w. Gordon Jennings) - Photographic  Nominated for Special Effects 1947: UNCONQUERED (w. Gordon Jennings & Devereux Jennings) - Photographic  Special Effects 1955: THE BRIDGES AT TOKO-RI - [No nominations listed, but film credits Edouart for Process Photography (w. W. Wallace Kelley) & John P. Fulton - Special Effects]  Scientific Or Technical (Class II) 1937: For the development of the Paramount dual screen transparency camera setup.  Scientific Or Technical (Class III) 1939: For the design and construction of a quiet portable treadmill. (w. Joseph E. Robbins & William Rudolph)  Scientific Or Technical (Class II) 1943: For the development and practical application to motion picture production of a method of duplicating and enlarging natural color photographs, transferring the image emulsions to glass plates and projecting these slides by especially designed stereopticon equipment. (w. Earle Morgan & Barton Thompson)  Scientific Or Technical (Class III) 1943: For an automatic electric transparency cueing timer.  Scientific Or Technical (Class III) 1947: For the first application of a special anti-solarizing glass to high intensity background and spot arc projectors. (w. C. R. Daily, Hal Corl & H. G. Cartwright)  Scientific Or Technical (Class II) 1955: For the engineering and development of a double-frame, triple-head background projector. (w. Hal Corl)  Scientific Or Technical (Class III) 1955: For an improved dual stereopticon background projector. (w. Hal Corl) 9 nominations, 3 Awards, 1 Special Award, 7 Scientific/Technical Awards