Born in Chicago, IL; educated at St. John's College, Cambridge. British-educated writer who made several significant contributions to 1960s English cinema, including the overlooked comedy, NOTHING BUT THE BEST (1964). Raphael subsequently wrote original screenplays for John Schlesinger's DARLING (1965), Stanley Donen's TWO FOR THE ROAD (1967), and Peter Bogdanovich's DAISY MILLER (1974) and has adapted several literary works -- including his own novels, RICHARD'S THINGS (1980) and "Coast to Coast" (2003, TV) -- for the screen. He collaborated with Stanley Kubrick on adapting the Arthur Schnitzler novel Eyes Wide Shut to the screen (1999). Recent screenwriting credits include THIS MAN, THIS WOMAN and HIDING ROOM (both 2002) and AMERICA (2008). Raphael is also an acclaimed TV writer ("The Glittering Prizes" 1976) and has directed for the small screen.  Writing (Best Story and Screenplay Written Directly for the Screen) 1965: DARLING  Nominated for Writing (Best Story and Screenplay Written Directly for the Screen) 1967: TWO FOR THE ROAD 2 nominations, 1 Award